Tissue engineering is an interdisciplinary discipline addressed to create functional three dimensional 3d tissues combining scaffolds cells and or bioactive molecules tissue engineering is the application of science to improve restore and maintain the damaged tissues or the whole organ. A volume in the new principles and applications in engineering series tissue engineering provides an overview of the major physiologic systems of current interest to biomedical engineers cardiovascular endocrine nervous visual auditory gastrointestinal and respiratory. Tissue engineering principles recent trends and the future 69 formation regarding the structure injury healing host immune response biomaterial characteristics etc in the tissue engineering